Conceptualization of Culture and Language in Post Colonial Literature free essay sample

Culture and Language are the significant issues in the post pioneer hypothesis. My task will manage these three components regarding pilgrim viewpoints. The post expansionism basically investigates the thoughts, for example, social assorted variety, land measurements, Diasporas, race, ethnicity, negligibility, hybridity, national characters, social change, changes and legislative issues in language etc†¦ Contemplations of hybridity run the range from existential to material, political to financial, yet this conversation won't have the option to coax out the broad ramifications of every thought. Or maybe, this conversation expects to investigate the thought of hybridity hypothetically, blending the tremendous assortment of writing to scrutinize essentialist ideas of way of life as fixed and steady. As indicated by my comprehension of Hybridity, there are three manners by which hybridity may fill in as an instrument for deconstructing the inflexible marks that keep up social imbalances through rejection in race, language and country. By investigating how the mixture rejects cases of bonds inside race, language, and country, I comprehended that social examinations like these are basic in thinking about the governmental issues of portrayal. For the reasons for this conversation, the social hybridity alludes to the coordination of social bodies, signs, and practices from the colonizing and the colonized societies. The contemporary social scene is an amalgam of culturally diverse impacts, mixed, fix worked, and layered upon each other. Unbound and liquid, culture is cross breed and interstitial, moving between spaces of significance. The thought of social hybridity has existed far before it was advocated in postcolonial hypothesis as culture emerging out of connections among â€Å"colonizers† and â€Å"the colonized†. In any case, in this time after colonialism, globalization has both extended the compass of Western culture, just as permitted a procedure by which the West continually collaborates with the East, appropriating societies for its own methods and constantly moving its own signifiers of predominant culture. This hybridity is woven into each side of society, from stylish combination cooking to Caribbean rhythms in popular music to the hyphenated characters that imply ethnic Americans, lighting up the lived understanding of connections to a prevailing society mixing with the social codes of a Third World culture. Surrounding Cultural Hybridity in post provincial setting; Among postcolonial scholars, there is a wide agreement that hybridity emerged out of the socially disguised associations among â€Å"colonizers† and â€Å"the colonized† and the dichotomous arrangement of these characters. Considered by some the dad of half breed hypothesis, Homi Bhabha contended that colonizers and the colonized are commonly reliant in developing a mutual culture. His content The Location of Culture (1994) proposed that there is a â€Å"Third Space of Enunciation† in which social frameworks are developed. In this case, he expected to make another dialect and method of depicting the personality of Selves and Others. Bhabha says: It gets urgent to recognize the similarity and likeness of the images across different social encounters, for example, writing, workmanship, music, Ritual, life, demise and the social explicitness of every one of these creations of importance as they circle as signs inside explicit logical areas and social frameworks of significant worth. The transnational component of social change movement, diaspora, removal, migration makes the procedure of social interpretation a perplexing type of meaning. The naturalized, bringing together talk of country, people groups, or legitimate society custom, those implanted fantasies of societies disposition, can't be promptly referenced. The incredible, however agitating, bit of leeway of this position is that it makes you progressively mindful of the development of culture and the creation of convention. In utilizing words like â€Å"diaspora, uprooting, relocation,† Bhabha represents the dynamic idea of culture, and the unstable consistency of the chronicled stories that societies depend upon to draw limits and characterize themselves. Therefore, culture can't be characterized in and of it, but instead must be seen inside the setting of its development. All the more altogether, Bhabha causes to notice the dependence of social stories upon the other. In lighting up this common development of culture, investigations of hybridity can offer the open door for a counter-account, a methods by which the commanded can recover shared responsibility for culture that depends upon them for significance. This hypothetical erspective will fill in as the establishment for the contemplations investigated in this paper, utilizing hybridity as an incredible asset for freedom from the control forced by limited meanings of race, language, and country. RACE: Racial hybridity, or the joining of two races which are thought to be particular and separate elements, can be viewed as first in quite a while of the physical body. Truly, the human half breed was birthed from two emblematic shafts, a substantial portrayal of colonizer and colonize d. These blended births, mestizo, mulatto, muwallad, were derided as a physical portrayal of debased blood, and this bigotry since a long time ago filled in as an apparatus of intensity that kept up that even in this mixing of two bodies, just â€Å"one drop† of dark blood would consider the body polluted and outsider, a cursed thing. Systematized prejudice made an interminable condition of equivocalness and placelessness for the cross breed body and forestalled social consideration by means of race. Nonetheless, the breadth of movement since imperialism and the range of shades of obvious contrast point to an undeniably half and half masses in which these orders of high contrast no longer convey a similar intensity of portrayal, yet the old names continue. This naming is critical as it clarifies the proceeding with intensity of racial marks in a general public set on fixing bodies in racial space by restricting them to names, which are comprehended to contain fixed realities. I contend that using the applied instrument of hybridity to deconstruct these names permits a methods by which half breed people can meet up in ground-breaking solidarity, as opposed to permitting their uncertain spot in racial space to render them imperceptible. Tackling racial hybridity to extend the all the while exceptional however regular experience of hybridity can be a methods by which the individual subject can join to a peripheral network through stories and fractional recollections. Besides, racial hybridity must tackle the dualistic experience of passing, or being confused with a race other than one’s own. All personalities include going somewhat, in that a subject’s self can never genuinely coordinate its picture, however racial passing certainly deconstructs the limits of Black and White. In passing, hybridity may work not as a contention or battle between two racial personalities, yet rather as steady development between spaces, going through and between character itself without starting point or appearance. The opportunity to move between personalities conveys its own capacity in resisting the cases of essentialized racial character. Besides, the limited names of race don't represent the authentic and geographic accounts that lie behind each body and advise their personality. In â€Å"Black Africans and Native Americans†, Jack Forbes investigates the distinction between racial names and the cognizance of the bodies behind them utilizing Native Americans and Africans as models by which â€Å"groups are constrained into self-assertive classifications render their ethnic legacy basic as opposed to complex†. Accordingly, hybridity raises doubt about the limits of racial awareness as a cross breed cognizance opposes the forced furthest reaches of race. The administration of these characters turns into its such a presentation, as the body haggles every awareness in various spaces. Once more, the capacity to assume various jobs, to â€Å"pass† in various fields, conveys critical force. Stuck epitomizing the powerlessness to sticky situation personalities to race, racial hybridity both in the physical body and in cognizance offers a methods for deconstructing the limits of dichotomous racial characters. Notwithstanding race, language has for quite some time been bound in definitions as an image of country and a method of prohibition. As a way to associate with other social creatures, speaking with language is an important exhibition in that talking requires two gatherings, one to perform language and a crowd of people to watch and assimilate language. During imperialism, as the colonizer’s language ruled national foundations, the feeling of being outside and â€Å"othered† was imparted in the colonized as their language and methods for correspondence was stripped away. Presently in a period after imperialism, can the colonized ever recover a language tragically deceased, or has the colonizer’s language gotten their own? Has responsibility for colonizer’s language extended after some time? Fanon’s conjecturing addresses the intensity of language in the arrangement of way of life as he says, â€Å"To talk . . . implies most importantly to accept a culture, to help the heaviness of a civilization,†. He recommends that communicating in the language of the colonizer remains in as acknowledgment or intimidation into tolerating a job in culture. However in tolerating a job, regardless of whether by decision or power, the importance of the way of life moves and advances. No longer does it â€Å"belong† to the colonizer, as it depends upon the colonized to give it shape. So also, with the presentation of another arrangement of clients playing out a language, the language no longer exists as it seemed to be; it has moved in significance. Past the topical ramifications of language, hybridity has propelled a tremendous development in abstract talk and understandings of the very way language is overseen and claimed. Herskovits develope

Spring by Edna St. Vincent Millay and the Sick Rose by William Blake Essay Example for Free

Spring by Edna St. Vincent Millay and the Sick Rose by William Blake Essay The principal sonnet is called, Spring, by Edna St. Vincent Millay and the subsequent sonnet is called, The Sick Rose, by William Blake. The two sonnets are comparable in the manner that the personas express their emotions towards life. Excellence, the periods of life, and the significance of life are the focal points of the two sonnets. What is the importance of life?: an inquiry that has been posed since the start of humanity. This inquiry is posed in the start of Spring. The storyteller of the sonnet appears to be truly discouraged on account of the manner in which she communicates her disposition towards life. In the absolute starting point of this sonnet the storyteller is soliciting what the reason from life is. So from the beginning this sonnet is by all accounts bleak. We appear to solicit what the significance from life is more, when we are pitiful, discouraged or perhaps something/somebody has betrayed us; Like in the sonnet, The Sick Rose. In this sonnet the storyteller says, O Rose, thou workmanship debilitated! The imperceptible worm, That flies around evening time, In the crying tempest. As I would see it the storyteller is stating that life isnt worth living and we are largely similar to worms in a tempest. Essentially he/she is stating that life is an exceptionally confounding and disappointing spot once in a while. As I would like to think the more profound significance is that actually a worm is so minuscule contrasted with the remaind er of the world. At the point when the storyteller says, That flies around evening time, this equitable underscores significantly progressively about how little and undetectable this worm is. At the point when it is dull outside you can scarcely observe anything, so it would obviously be difficult to see something imperceptible. I believe that what this sonnet is attempting to depict is, that we as people are extremely small contrasted with the entire world and that we as people are imperceptible. So in principle, I believe that this sonnet is about how the storyteller feels that one individual cannot have any kind of effect throughout everyday life. In a manner this is like the principal sonnet on the grounds that the creator has a negative demeanor towards life and doesn't appreciate it, Life in itself Is nothing Both sonnets have an extremely negative point of view. Despite the fact that there is one significant contrast and this comes toward the finish of the two sonnets. In spite of the fact tha t both may appear to crash and burn, Spring (the main sonnet) appears to end all the more emphatically, April comes like a nitwit, chattering and tossing with blossoms. Toward the finish of the sonnet the storyteller appeared to end contrarily however yet still perceived the excellence throughout everyday life. In, Spring, the storyteller feels that she isn't sufficiently excellent. I thinkâ that she is attempting to depict that everybody needs to be wonderful yet not every person will be. This is like, The Sick Rose, on the grounds that in this sonnet magnificence is crushed by affection simply like in the main sonnet when excellence is in the long run wrecked in light of the fact that demise is inescapable. The two sonnets show an alternate demeanor towards excellence. Spring, finishes by perceiving excellence while, The Sick Rose, finished by executing it. The two sonnets have a season topic. In the principal sonnet the season is clearly Spring. The storyteller in this sonnet Spring discusses the, flinging blossoms, yet she doesn't set the mind-set for spring. In this sonnet it is discouraging when it ought to be glad, with blossoms blooming, creatures coming out of hibernation, leaves are simply beginning to bud on the trees, etc. That is the means by which Spring ought to be, however in this sonnet it is depicted as the most noticeably awful of each of the four seasons. In, The Sick Rose, sonnet the season must be Autumn since everything is miserable, the leaves are tumbling off the trees, blossoms are shrinking, and its continually pouring. The state of mind in this sonnet fits the season impeccably. Taking everything into account, the two sonnets talk about the significance of life. The primary finishes all the more decidedly yet the two of them despite everything have negative perspectives. In, Spring, the storyteller doesn't care for excellence yet by the end she changes her feeling while the subsequent sonnet is deciphered as magnificence being murdered by the individuals who love it. The two sonnets fuse the periods of life yet the season fits the temperament better in the subsequent sonnet. Genuine excellence and the significance of life must be found by really living itself.

Case Study 10.1 - Project Scheduling at Blanque Cheque Construction - 1

10.1 - Project Scheduling at Blanque Check Construction - Case Study Example A venture chief may utilize the beneath ways to deal with gauge to what extent a task will last, as opposed to putting together it with respect to what extent he is compelled to make it last. The master feeling utilizes the accord strategy to show up at a gauge. The venture director will draw in the administrations of in any event three specialists who have a comprehension of the kind of task to be attempted or have overseen comparative undertakings previously (Kerzner 6). After an instructions by the undertaking supervisor on the venture prerequisites, the specialists talk about it among themselves and each presents their own different appraisals as indicated by their comprehension. Every produce an assignment list containing exertion gauges for each errand. The task chief at that point hands back a rundown of the appraisals to the specialists without uncovering to which one of them each has a place. He requests that the specialists consider the dangers and evaluations of the others’ results and recalculate their work. The specialists at that point talk about the venture to decide whether any suppositions or issues have changed after the last conversation. In the wake of contemplating the consolidated appraisals, the specialists modify their evaluations and present the outcomes freely once more. In the event that the inconsistencies are as yet not commonsense, the undertaking chief hands the outcomes back once more, or welcomes more specialists. The point is to have the effect between the most reduced and the most elevated gauges as low as could reasonably be expected. The cycle might be rehashed severally until a large portion of the outcomes are in or near understanding. Once in understanding, a normal of the experts’ gauges is utilized as the venture length. In any case, instead of investing a lot of energy in the estimation system, the undertaking chief may utilize the aftereffects of a few specialists in the beginning times. For instance, if three specialists decided the gauge as 2000 hours and one assessed at 4000 hours, he may need to overlook the overestimated length yet with the information that he bears the danger of the ter m acknowledged really multiplying. Previous history is one of

Prison Re-entry Program in New Jersey Research Assignment - 1375 Words

Prison Re-entry Program in New Jersey Research Assignment (Essay Sample) Content: Prison Re-entry Program in New JerseyStudents Name:Institutional Affiliation: IntroductionPaying for crimes committed is a fundamental action in the society as it leads to the payment of debts for the wrongs done by the perpetrator to the afflicted members of the community. Moreover, it aids in the provision of life moral lessons to an inmate by making he or she let go of the vice. The release of the criminal offender after incarceration for crimes committed is complex individually when inmates are released into the community. Re-entry programs are essential in aiding an individual to fit back in the society, begin their lives afresh together with getting involved in communal matters. This essay will discuss prison re-entry programs in New Jersey, a state in North Eastern Part of the U.S. by majorly focusing its primary area in correctional re-entry programs in New Jersey State.Overview of re-entry programsWhen sentenced to a certain period of jail term for wrongs co mmitted, the incarcerated individual begins a new life. This is achieved through confinement in a solitary cell, adhering to the rules and instructions that are provided by the prison administration and abiding by what the incarceration prison demands. Different types of crime attract different levels of punishment to the number of months or years an individual has to spend in jail. A re-entry program is a process whereby crime offenders are released to the society (Mooney, 2017). This is either after the completion of their jail term serve, heads of states order of their release and being set free from federal or super federal release. Re-entry programs are meant to facilitate the transformation process of an ex-inmate. It focuses on aiding an individuals interaction with members of the society and minimizes recidivism; the temptation to go back into past life and desire to offend as a form of repayment for the pain the incarcerated individual went through while in jail. A majority of prison inmates are released back to the community on parole, a temporary or permanent liberation to the society with the promise of desirable behavior. Depending with the state in the U.S, inmates on parole are provided with varying prison re-entry programs.New Jersey prison re-entry programsWhile serving jail term, inmates get detached from societal life and become used to life in the prison. The release into the society is an intimidating factor as they are given the power and authority to do what they want whenever they want to. Besides, coping with the normal way of life of the society is a nuisance to a majority of inmates as the new life requires discipline, commitment, hard work and sacrifice. This is understood by a majority of psychological experts who do numerous researchers on life after prison. To assist in reshaping the lives of inmates on parole and help them fit into the society, New Jersey State has provided the following correctional prison re-entry programs:In tense post-release parole supervisionThe State Parole Board in conjunction with Department of Corrections have devised measures that aid in overseeing the progress of parolees in the first few months after their release from prison. The state of New Jersey has approximately 15,000 inmates released from prison parole every month. Parole officers in close association with New Jersey Board Division of Parole are sworn in and given the mandate to offer the truth on all the actions of the parolee. The released inmates are also provided with information on their close monitoring. There are numerous pros brought under close supervision of parolees by parole officers from the state of New Jersey. It ensures that parolees adhere to the law and restrain themselves from recidivating and repeating of crimes done. Also, it ensures that released inmates perform their assigned jobs and tasks as this enhances reshaping their lives apart from providing them with essential life necessities such as fo od, clothing and shelter. Besides, close supervision of parolees by New Jersey State parole officers ensures that they do not engage in drug and substance abuse and the whole process aids in restructuring their lives back to the society.Coordination of parole with drug, substance abuse and mental healthBetween 1977 and 2002, there was a tremendous increase in the number of inmates at prisons in New Jersey. The total number of inmates at prisons in the state was 6,017 in 1977 whereas in 2002, the total number of inmates had escalated to 27,891. The average rate of imprisonment at the state rose significantly from 76 to331 in a total of 100,000 people. The primary cause of the increased prison populations was the violation of rules by the parolees together with recidivating. A majority of inmates perpetrate crimes as a result of the influence of drugs and substance abuse. Despite the high-security levels that are provided by security guards in prisons, successful drug smuggling happen s. The vice continues while the parolees are released into the society and this leads to new arrests and imprisonment. Besides, New Jersey state probation officers are given the authority to visit inmates at their residences or work. This is accompanied by drug and alcohol blood tests to determine the transformation of the parolee. Such regular tests act as a correctional strategy as an ex-offender will restrain from drug and substance abuse.Provision of jobs and Basic amenities provisionWhile an inmate is released from prison, the probation period is quite challenging as they have to give their lives a new start. There are instances where an inmate has served ten or more years in prison and kick-starting life becomes a problem (Growns et al. 2017). When released into the society, they require basics such as food, clothing and shelter. Failure to acquire such essentials provides higher chances of getting into crime and drug distribution to survive. To assist in restructuring them in to the society and avoid recidivating, jobs are an essential component to them. New Jersey State Parole Board has aided the prevention of parolees recidivating by the provision of employment and shelter. Also, the state has established One-Stop Career Centers, a region that provides ex-offenders with employment referrals thus providing them with higher chances of acquiring jobs. Besides, the One-Stop Career Centers have formed a partnership with the U.S automobiles industry where parolees have been welcomed to train on a wide variety of mechanical jobs freely. People abuse drugs due to various reasons but a majority of ex-inmates abused drugs because of life challenges. The provision of such amenities creates a stress-free life, therefore, it aids in the maintenance of their sober lives.Parole success enhancement stageThe state of New Jer...

The Abolition Of Slavery By Francis Ellen Watkins Harper

The Abolishment of Slavery As slavery moved past the 13th Amendment, two African American men found themselves sitting in the Massachusetts Legislature in 1866. This is the first time a black representative has participated in this branch of American government. President Johnson meets with a delegation headed by Fredrick Douglas to discuss the issue of black suffrage. So many things are happening in such a short period of time. African Americans are getting involved with experiencing their freedom. The U.S. Army creates a black cavalry and infantry regiments. One year later Congress gave blacks the right to vote in Washington, D.C. In 1870 the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified, securing the right to vote for black adult males. Also for the first time, African Americans were listed by name in the U.S. Census. Francis Ellen Watkins Harper was a voice to be heard for African American women early on as she distinguished herself as a poet, teacher, and abolition ist. After the Civil War, she became a staunch advocate of women’s suffrage and a supporter of the 15th Amendment, which set her at odds with the suffragist Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. In this discussion at the May 1869 American Equal Rights Association meeting, Harper argues for ratification of the 15th Amendment. (Exploring American History Document 14.3, Page 439) The ex-slaves did experience some freedom, at times some of the Southern States could not completely put

Literary Analysis “Setting” †a Good Man Is Hard to Find

Chad Funk Professor Sharon Thiese The Short Story May 28th, 2012 Literary Analysis â€Å"Setting† – A Good Man is Hard to Find In the story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† by Flannery O’Connor starts out by giving a look at a dysfunctional family on a vacation, but ultimately, gives insight into ourselves as well as the nature of good and evil, how they can clash, and how they can co-exist, even in the same person. The setting, which plays a critical role in this short story because the grandmother shows her selfish wants and views on people and society and believes that things were much better in her early years. As the story unfolds the setting provides insights to the where the dysfunctional family will eventually meet their doom, which is†¦show more content†¦The actual time of the year would be in summer because of that statement. Also the grandmother points out the colorful scenery of Stone Mountain, various crops, and how the tress sparkled from the sunlight, which is further proof of the time of year as everything is in full bloom. As the story continues the timing of the afternoon becomes unclear and we do not know how late it is when the family’s car is in the accident and lands in the ditch. However this is the most important part of the setting because this is where the most action is as well as where the story ends. In the story the grandmother recalled the times when there were no paved roads and thirty miles was a days journey. The dirt road was hilly and there were sudden washes in it and sharp curves on dangerous embankments. All at once they would be on a hill, looking down over the blue tops of trees for miles around, then the next minute, they would be in a red depression with the dust-coated trees looking down on them (1047). This can be seen as the grandmother recalling the days when â€Å"road of life† was not paved, and was a much longer journey. These are the days when she feels things were better and not so narrow and paved like the roads they were originally traveling on before entering onto the dirt road. Does O’Conner mimic the journey of life here? It has many sharp curves on dangerous embankments, and it leads the family up onto hilltops, where theyShow MoreRelatedEssay about flannery oconner: queen of irony1743 Words   |  7 Pages Flannery O’Connor: Queen of Irony The literary rebellion, known as realism, established itself in American writing as a direct response to the age of American romanticism’s sentimental and sensationalist prose. 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Treatises on Taxation Laws

Question: Discuss about the Treatises on Taxation Laws. Answer: Introduction: Subsection 6(1) of the ITA Act 1997 defines income with regards to personal exertion as being incomes that are comprised of earnings, commissions, salaries, wages, fees along with superannuation allowances and bonuses in the capacity of being an employee, or in terms of rendering services or proceedings related to business operated or carried out by the taxpayer individually or in conjugation with any other person. Therefore it can be inferred from above that as Hilary cannot fit into this definition in case of publishing her story as she is not an employee of Daily Terror. She has been offered $10,000 for publishing her life story under the newspaper and has in turn sold the rights along with interests from copyrights onto the newspapers. Moreover, as Hillary has made exercise with regards to her writing skills and written a story based on her expertise and experiences from mountain climbing therefore the income derived from the selling of such interests comes under purview of incom e from personal services as opposed to income from exertion. Further as Hillary has not sought any professional assistance, in writing her life story, such as hiring a ghost writer for assistance therefore such services comes under the head of Income from personal services. In case of selling of manuscript to Mitchell Library it can be inferred that the $5,000 earned from sale cannot be apportioned under the head income from personal exertion as such incomes comes from professional efforts on the part of Hillary. Moreover, in case of selling photographs at an amount of $2,000 Hillary employed use of professional skills along with professional equipments devoid of any external assistance. Thereby, incomes from the sale of photographs can be attributed to income from exertions as amount. In case Hillary had no intentions of selling her story at the time of writing it her efforts cannot be considered to be with a view to earn profits. In the current case study, there have not been any formal agreements between the client and her son regarding the loan advanced. Moreover, the client has mentioned that her son is not required to pay taxes as regards to the loans advanced for housing purposes of her son. Morse and Deutsch (2016) mentions that in cases of interfamily financial transfers, the agreements tends to be mutual as opposed to being written in a contractual manner. Frecknall-Hughes and McKerchar (2013) states that is caused by the fact that cohesion between family members along with the level of trust that are established has a significant role to play in terms of any monetary and non monetary interactions among the members of the same family. Schedule of Loan Repayment by Son Particulars $ Maturity amount as decided initially 50,000 Time frame of maturity 5 years Amount of loan taken 40000 Profit as per initial claims 10,000 Interest per year applying simple interest method 2000 Per year rate of interest computed on the basis of (in percent) 5 Actual interest rates offered by the son. 5 Total amounts of repayment made by son 44000 Interest paid 4000 Section 26.40 of the ITA Act specifies the fact that the individuals are allowed to deduct any expenditures as regards to maintenance of spouse and child who is below 16 years of age (Ato.gov.au., 2016). However, her son being an adult she cannot legally benefit from providing financial assistance to the clients. In the current case, the repayment period was stated to be of 5 years along with a repayment price of $50,000 with regard to the $40000 borrowed. Thereby, incurring an overall lump sum interest of $10,000 which comes from ($50,000 - $40,000) as per the terms mutually settled between the client and her son. The amount of $42,000 received from the clients son has no taxable repercussions as no formal agreements have been made with regards to the advancements of loan. Computation of capital gain Particulars Details $ Sale price of property 800,000 Indexation (based on 3rd quarter of 1986) 2.513889 Market value of land as on the date 1 September, 1986 90000 Indexed cost of acquiring land 226250 Cost of constructing building on 1 September, 1986 60000 Indexed cost of construction of building 150833.3 Capital gains 422,917 The indexation as regards to the acquired capital assets through use of consumer price indexation method is aimed towards providing parity in taxation method (Tran-Nam, Evans and Lignier, 2014). Moreover, it assists towards providing adequate relief in terms of capital gains to individuals along with companies in case of capital gain transactions. Moreover, indexation also helps towards serving as the base of cost ascertainment of equitable base (Graham, Raedy, and Shackelford, 2012). Thereby, in the current case study Scots indexed cost of acquisition assist towards reducing the amount of capital gain from the sell out of the renting property. The market value of the land was taken from 1.09.86 due to the fact that indexation cannot be done for acquisition costs prior to 1st quarter of 1985. Moreover, in case of computation of indexation ratio, the indexation available for the 2nd quarter of 2016 is taken into account along with the indexation for the 3rd quarter of 1986. In case Scot decides to sell the property to his daughter, he cannot avail any benefits of low consideration price. It is because of the fact that as per the Income Tax Assessment Act, 1997 in cases where properties and capital assets are transferred to family member at a price less that of the prevailing market price, the market price shall be considered as the sale price of the asset or property. Accordingly, capital gain shall be computed through deducting market price of the property on the date of transfer from the cost of acquisition (indexed or not indexed). Thereby, the amount of capital gain taxable in the hands of Scots will not change even if he transfers the property to his daughter below the market value at $200,000. In case of a company, indexation methods will still be applicable as companies are barred from following discounted methods. Thereby, the capital gains in terms of companies will not change in this circumstance. References and Bibliography: Woellner, R., Barkoczy, S., Murphy, S., Evans, C. and Pinto, D., 2016.Australian Taxation Law 2016. Oxford University Press. Pinto, D., Gilchrist, D. and Morgan, A., 2013. A few reflections on the current state of play for not-for-profit taxation arrangements.Taxation in Australia,48(2), p.79. Morse, S.C. and Deutsch, R., 2016. Tax Anti-Avoidance Law in Australia and the United States. Gains, F.R.C., 2014. Law Society Advocacy and Law Reform: Latest News and Developments. Frecknall-Hughes, J. and McKerchar, M., 2013. Historical perspectives on the emergence of the tax profession: Australia and the UK.Austl. Tax F.,28, p.275. Davison, M., Monotti, A. and Wiseman, L., 2016.Australian intellectual property law. Cambridge University Press. Tran-Nam, B., Evans, C. and Lignier, P., 2014. Personal taxpayer compliance costs: Recent evidence from Australia.Austl. Tax F.,29, p.137. Dahl, G.B. and Lochner, L., 2012. The impact of family income on child achievement: Evidence from the earned income tax credit.The American Economic Review,102(5), pp.1927-1956. Graham, J.R., Raedy, J.S. and Shackelford, D.A., 2012. 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